Elective Papers Module Code Subjects

The standard language of message sequence charts MSC is intended to describe scenarios of object interaction. Due to their expressiveness and simplicity MSC diagrams are widely used in practice at all stages of system design and development. In particular, the MSC language is used for describing communication behavior in distributed systems and communication protocols. In this paper the method for analysis and verification of MSC and HMSC diagrams is considered. The method is based on the translation of (H)MSC into coloured Petri nets. The translation algorithms cover most standard elements of the MSC including data concepts. Size estimates of the CPN which is the result of the translation are given. Properties of the resulting CPN are analyzed and verified by using the known system CPN Tools and the CPN verifier based on the known tool SPIN. The translation method has been demonstrated by the example.


Physico Chemical Properties and drug action
The following physico chemical properties of drugs to be studied (a) Partition coefficient, (b) solubility, (c) surface activity, (d) degree of ionization.Importance of the following: a) Solubility, b) stabilization of biopolymers, c) Drugreceptor interaction, d) Drug protein binding-hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction, charge transfer complexation, ionic bonding, covalent bonding & chelation.
Stereochemical properties and drug action.Drug metabolism,general pathway.(11)(12)(13) 3) Preparation of buffer solutions, Measurement of pH and calibration of pHmeter IP/BP.pH=4, pH= 7, pH=10, pH= 9.2.(4) 4) Saponification value of castor oil (IP) 5) Acid value of castor oil (IP) 6) Viscosity Determination: Using Ostwald Viscometer, (2) a. Viscosity of a hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose b.Viscosity of Polyethylene glycol 7) To determine partition coefficient of drug using octanol-water system.8) To determine the interfacial tension between two liquids using Ostwald's Stalagnometer.9) Determination of specific surface area of Talc/ charcoal by adsorption method.10) Analysis of Phenobarbital potentiometrically.11) Separation and determination of Fe(III) and Mg(II)/ Zn(II) using ethyl acetate as solvent.12) Determination of the hydrolysis constant of a salt of strong acid and weak base conductometrically.(Aniline hydrochloride) 13) Verification of Ostwaltd's dilution law and determination of dissociation constant of weak monobasic acid (benzoic acid).
Stereospecific and stereoslective reactions.Stereochemistry of compounds containing phosphorus, sulphur and nitrogen.Introduction of optical activity in the absence of chiral carbon (biphenyl, allenes, spiranes and helical structures).Conformation of acyclicmolecules and shape of six membered rings.(6,8) (8L)

Practicals (10)
Use of software packages in chemistry: Spread sheet application, least square fit, data plotting, simulations of potentiometric titration and end point locations etc.  1) Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia.
3) Preparation of a face cream, face powders, lipsticks, nail polish, lotions etc.
2) Harry's Cosmeticology -Longman Scientific Co.   Calibration and Validation :(Ref.5-8)25L Validation and calibration of various instruments used for drug analysis such as UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, IR Spectrophotometer, Spectrofluorimeter, HPLC, HPTLC and GC.Regulatory requirements for analytical method validation International conference on harmonization (ICH) guideline Q2A: Validation of analytical procedures Linearity and range criteria and their role in instrumental method validation Detailed discussion on accuracy and precision role in the method validation Role of quantification limit and specificity -Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) Robustness & method validation Ruggedness of chromatographic method Ruggedness of sample preparation procedure Complete method validation package, analytical data, protocol, plan, revisions, and change controls.Overview of qualification of some instruments.Overview of installation, operation, and performance qualification (IQ, OQ, PQ) of analytical equipment. References: 1) Lachman "The theory and practice of industrial pharmacy edition 2) Web resources in Pharmacy, In Pharma Publication , Bangalore 3) Schedule M" 4) WHOguideline Introduction to cosmeticology , Fundamentals of cosmetic science, structure and functions of skin and hair, Formulation, preparation and packaging of cosmetics for skin -Sunscreen, moisturizers, cold cream, and vanishing cream, like nail polish, lipsticks.Formulation, preparation and packaging of cosmetics for hair -Shampoo and conditioners.(Ref.5

Brief introduction to the need of computers for chemistry.
Computers for Analytical Chemists-Introduction to computers: Organization of computers, CPU, Computer memory, I/O devices, information storage, software components, Types of computers, Programming languages, Computer programs, Stored program concept, Mathematics-Various functions and function plotting (exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, etc), functions of many variables.Basic rules of differentiation and integration, partial differentiation, critical points of a function.Regression methods and curve fitting.Linear equations, vectors, matrices and determinants.Numerical methods.Probability (permutations and combinations).(1,2)(15L) 1. To generate a mark sheet to learn various features of spreadsheets.Development of analytical techniques for the estimation of markers present in the Herbal and classical formulations.Evaluation of Herbal drugs and formulations by Biological methods.General animal models for screening of Herbal drugs and formulations.Toxicological evaluations of herbal drugs and formulations.WHO and Indian regulatory requirements of Clinical trials for herbal formulations.Schedule T requirements and other regulatory requirements for the manufacturing of Herbal and Ayurvedic products.

Ref.2,3,5,6,9) (5L) Analysis of drugs in solid state-Concepts
3) Formulation and Function of Cosmetics-So Jellineck of particle size, size distribution shown as cumulative undersize curve.Thermal methods of analysis : basic principle, differential thermal analysis and differential scanning, calorimetry.Differential thermal analysis, apparatus and methodology, factors affecting DTA results, quantitative DTA, interpretation of results.Applications to detect polymorphism and pseudopolymorphism in pharmaceuticals by DSC and DTA.

formulation components , manufacturing and QC:
Liquids-monophase& biophase including ENT preparation.Semisolid eg.Ointment, creams , gels etc.Solid dosage forms eg.Tablets, capsules, granules,& powders.Sterile dosage forms eg.Injectables and ophthalmic preparations.Preparation of pharmaceutical dosage forms: i) Liquid dosage form, ii) Semi-solid dosage form iii) Solid dosage form.(Atleastone representative product) And their Quality control Analysis other then Assays.Liquid Paraffin Emulsion, simple syrup, aqueous iodine, tincture of iodine, strong iodine, calamine lotion IP, phenyl, merbromine solution, nonstaining ointment cum methyl salicylate (Iodex), sulphur ointment, Dill water concentrated IP, Non-staining iodine ointment, Liniment, cresol with soap solution.One representative preparation under sterile dosage form.6) A textbook of clinical pharmacy practice-essential concepts and skills, Parthasarathi, Nyfort-hansen Nahata, Publisher: Orient Longman.7) Quality Assurance of pharmaceuticals-A compendium of guidelines and related materials, Vol I, Pharma Book Syndicate.8) Pharmaceutical Pre-approval inspections-guide to regulatory success, 2 nd edn,-Martin D, III(edt) Hynes, Informa Healthcare.9) Drugs & Cosmetics Act, 1940 and Rules, 1945.10) WHO Techical Report Series-885 by World Health Organisation.(35 th report).11) Good Manufacturing Practices, Philosophy and Applications by John Sharp, Inter Pharma Press, IL 60089,USA.12) Quality Assurance Guide (Vol I & Vol II ) by Organisation of Pharmaceutical producers of India.Development of new drugs: Introduction, procedure followed in drug design, the search for lead compounds, molecular modification of lead compounds, prodrugs and soft drugs, prodrug; introduction, prodrug formation of compounds containing various chemical groups, multiple prodrug formation, soft drugs; design of soft drugs.( (10L) References: 1) Ansels pharmaceutical Dosage forms and Drug Delivery System by Allen Popvich and Ansel ,Indian edition-B.I.Publication Pvt .Ltd.2) The theory and practice of industrial pharmacy by Lachman Varghese Publishing House , Mumbai.3) Modern Pharmaceutics by Gilbert.Banker, Marcel Dekker, Inc. 4) Cooper & Gunns Dispensing for Pharmaceuticals students edited by S.J.Carter,12 th edition CBS publishers & Distributors, Delhi.

Ref.9-10,13,14) ( 8L)
Structure-based drug design: Process of structure based drug design, deactivation of certain drugs necessary for T cell functioning, determination of the active site with special reference to chymotryspin, design of inhibitors.(

Ref.10,14) (6L)
Introduction to Combinatorial Chemistry and high throughput screening.(3L)Patents-Definition, Need for patenting, Types of Patents, Conditions to be satisfied by an invention to be patentable, Introduction to patent search.Green house effect, Acid rain, Ozone hole phenomenon, Source & toxic effects of Pb and Cd.Sources-stationary and transportation sources of air pollution, classification of air pollutants-sources, effects and control of CO, SO2, NOx, HC as gaseous pollutants, suspended particulate matter aerosols, photochemical air pollution, sampling of air pollutants-gaseous and particulate, analysis of air pollutants, stack monitoring.Water quality parameters and their analysis-colour, temperature, transparency, turbidity, pH, TDS, DO, free CO2, total hardness, Ca & Mg hardness, alkalionity, chloride, sulphate, ammonia, nitrite, NO3, organic N. phosphorus (total inorganic-organic), silica, BOD, COD, DO.Sources of water pollution-soild waste, industrial, agricultural, oil, radiaoactive waste, thermal pollution, sampling of water pollutants.

to Carbon-hetero Multiple bonds (6L)
Addition of Grignard reagent, organozinc, organo copper and organo lithium reagents to carbonyl and unsaturated carbonyl compounds.(

drugs and antihypertensive including antiarrythemic agents, calcium channel blockers: Lanatosides
Basic concept and objectives of stability study .Fundamentals of stability testing requirements.Basic concept and objectives of stability study.-Order of reaction and their applications in predicting shelf life and half-life of Pharmaceutical formulations.-ReviewICH process and ICH updates on stability Common terminology and acronyms Review current Q1A, Q1B, Q1D, Q1F, Q2, Q3 and Q6 guidelines Determine stability requirements for OTC products Stability SOPs Stability protocols and data Design of a compliant bracketing and matrixing ICH guidelines on bracketing and matrixing Stability testing laboratory Design and validation stability test procedures Stability data management system Investigation procedures of OOS stability results FDA inspection of stability labs.Certificate of Analysis (CofA), Certificate of Manufacturing (CofM), and Certificate of Packaging (CofP) Objective and importance of incident reports, Change control reports -their purpose and function, Stability process Investigation reports, Notice of change Regulations governing electronic records.

PCE13 Polymers in Pharmaceuticals and novel drug delivery systems (50L)
5) Michael E. Swartz, Analytical method development & validation.6) Pharmaceutical Process Validation by Loftus & Nash.7) Vogel textbook of quantitative chemical analysis.6th edition., J Mendham, RC Denny, JD banes, Thomas.ELBS.8) Pharmaceutical Process Validation by Alfred H. Wachter, Informa Health care.Classification, General methods of synthesis, properties, characterization and evaluation: Biodegradable polymers -Classification -Mechanism of biodegradation in the body.Polymer processing with respect to novel formulation design: Applications of polymers in novel drug delivery systems, Medical prosthetics and packaging.Classification-Indroduction, Types, characteristics, Introduction to Novel Drug delivery systems, drug delivery carriers, routes of administration, Recent advances in drug delivery systems.Theory of controlled release drug delivery systems.Microencapsulation -Methods of encapsulation.