<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mais</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Моделирование и анализ информационных систем</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling and Analysis of Information Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-1015</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-5417</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Yaroslavl State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18255/1818-1015-2020-1-22-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mais-1285</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Theory of Data</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование свойств АГ-кодов как кодов для защиты от копирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the Properties of Algebraic Geometric Codes as Copy Protection Codes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8258-2419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деундяк</surname><given-names>Владимир Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deundyak</surname><given-names>Vladimir M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vl.deundyak@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8990-9058</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загуменнов</surname><given-names>Денис Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagumennov</surname><given-names>Denis V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>graduate student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zagumionnov.denis@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южный Федеральный Университет; &#13;
ФГНУ НИИ Спецвузавтоматика</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Federal University; &#13;
FGNU NII Specvusavtomatika</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южный Федеральный Университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Деундяк В.М., Загуменнов Д.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Деундяк В.М., Загуменнов Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Deundyak V.M., Zagumennov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1285">https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1285</self-uri><abstract><p>Схемы специального широковещательного шифрования используются для защиты легально тиражируемой цифровой продукции от несанкционированного копирования. В таких схемах распространитель тиражирует данные свободно в зашифрованном виде, а для расшифрования выдаёт каждому легальному пользователю уникальный набор ключей и идентифицирующих векторов из некоторого помехоустойчивого кода. Однако, в этих схемах возможна атака, в ходе которой группы из c недобросовестных пользователей могут объединяться в коалиции и получать нелегальный доступ к данным, комбинируя выданную им ключевую информацию для получения пиратской ключевой информации — идентификационного вектора и ключа. Для борьбы с коалиционными атаками применяются классы помехоустойчивых кодов, обладающих специальными c-FP и c-TA свойствами. Класс c-FP-кодов составляют коды, исключающие возможность прямой компрометации добросовестных пользователей, а класс c-TA-кодов составляют коды, позволяющие гарантированно определить одного из злоумышленников. Рассматривается задача нахождения нижних и верхних границ значения величины c, в пределах которых алгеброгеометрические коды L-конструкции обладают соответствующими свойствами. В лучае кодов на произвольной кривой ранее была получена нижняя граница для свойства c-TA, в настоящей работе построена нижняя граница для свойства c-FP. В случае кривых с одной бесконечной точкой получены верхние границы значения c как для c-FP, так и для c-TA свойств. При нахождении этих границ получена вспомогательная конструктивная лемма, в доказательстве которой содержится явный способ построения коалиции и пиратского идентификационного вектора; этот способ важен при анализе стойкости схем широковещательного шифрования. Доказаны свойства монотонности рубежей c-FP и c-TA свойств по подкодам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Traceability schemes which are applied to the broadcast encryption can prevent unauthorized parties from accessing the distributed data. In a traceability scheme a distributor broadcasts the encrypted data and gives each authorized user unique key and identifying word from selected error-correcting code for decrypting. The following attack is possible in these schemes: groups of c malicious users are joining into coalitions and gaining illegal access to the data by combining their keys and identifying codewords to obtain pirate key and codeword. To prevent this attacks, classes of error-correcting codes with special c-FP and c-TA properties are used. In particular, c -FP codes are codes that make direct compromise of scrupulous users impossible and c -TA codes are codes that make it possible to identify one of the aackers. We are considering the problem of evaluating the lower and the upper boundaries on c, within which the L-construction algebraic geometric codes have the corresponding properties. In the case of codes on an arbitrary curve the lower bound for the c-TA property was obtained earlier; in this paper, the lower bound for the c-FP property was constructed. In the case of curves with one infinite point, the upper bounds for the value of c are obtained for both c-FP and c-TA properties. During our work, we have proved an auxiliary lemma and the proof contains an explicit way to build a coalition and a pirate identifying vector. Methods and principles presented in the lemma can be important for analyzing broadcast encryption schemes robustness. Also, the c-FP and c-TA boundaries monotonicity by subcodes are proved.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>помехоустойчивое кодирование</kwd><kwd>широковещательное шифрование</kwd><kwd>алгеброгеометрические коды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>error-correcting codes</kwd><kwd>traceability schemes</kwd><kwd>algebraic geometry codes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D. R. Stinson and R. Wei, “Combinatorial properties and constructions of traceability schemes and frameproof codes”, SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 41–53, 1998.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D. R. Stinson and R. Wei, “Combinatorial properties and constructions of traceability schemes and frameproof codes”, SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 41–53, 1998.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. N. Staddon, D. R. Stinson, and R. Wei, “Combinatorial properties of frameproof and traceability codes”, Information Theory, IEEE Transactions, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 1042–1049, 2001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. N. Staddon, D. R. Stinson, and R. Wei, “Combinatorial properties of frameproof and traceability codes”, Information Theory, IEEE Transactions, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 1042–1049, 2001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A. Silverberg, J. Staddon, and J. Walker, “Applications of list decoding to tracing traitors”, Information Theory, IEEE Transactions, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 1312–1318, 2003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A. Silverberg, J. Staddon, and J. Walker, “Applications of list decoding to tracing traitors”, Information Theory, IEEE Transactions, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 1312–1318, 2003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">G. A. Kabatyansky, “Traceability codes and their generalizations”, Problems of Information Transmission, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 93–105, 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">G. A. Kabatyansky, “Traceability codes and their generalizations”, Problems of Information Transmission, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 93–105, 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">V. M. Deundyak and V. V. Mkrtichyan, “Issledovaniye granits primeneniya skhemy zashchity informatsii, osnovannoy na RS-kodakh”, Diskretn. Anal. Issled. Oper., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 21–38, 2011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">V. M. Deundyak and V. V. Mkrtichyan, “Issledovaniye granits primeneniya skhemy zashchity informatsii, osnovannoy na RS-kodakh”, Diskretn. Anal. Issled. Oper., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 21–38, 2011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">V. M. Deundyak, S. A. Yevpak, and V. V. Mkrtichyan, “Analysis of properties of q-ary Reed–Muller error-correcting codes viewed as codes for copyright protection”, Problems of Information Transmission, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 398–408, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">V. M. Deundyak, S. A. Yevpak, and V. V. Mkrtichyan, “Analysis of properties of q-ary Reed–Muller error-correcting codes viewed as codes for copyright protection”, Problems of Information Transmission, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 398–408, 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D. V. Zagumennov and V. V. Mkrtichyan, “On application of algebraic geometry codes of L-construction in copy protection”, Prikladnaya Diskretnaya Matematika, vol. 44, pp. 67–93, 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D. V. Zagumennov and V. V. Mkrtichyan, “On application of algebraic geometry codes of L-construction in copy protection”, Prikladnaya Diskretnaya Matematika, vol. 44, pp. 67–93, 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">F. J. MacWilliams and N. J. A. Sloane, the theory of error-correcting codes. Elsevier, 1977, vol. 16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">F. J. MacWilliams and N. J. A. Sloane, the theory of error-correcting codes. Elsevier, 1977, vol. 16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">S. A. Evpak and V. V. Mkrtichyan, “Usloviya primeneniya q-ichnyh kodov Rida–Mallera v special’nyh skhemah zashchity informacii ot nesankcionirovannogo dostupa”, Vladikavk. matem. zhurn., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 38–45, 2014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">S. A. Evpak and V. V. Mkrtichyan, “Usloviya primeneniya q-ichnyh kodov Rida–Mallera v special’nyh skhemah zashchity informacii ot nesankcionirovannogo dostupa”, Vladikavk. matem. zhurn., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 38–45, 2014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">T. Høholdt, J. H. van Lint, and R. Pellikaan, “Algebraic geometry codes”, Handbook of coding theory, vol. 1, no. Part 1, pp. 871–961, 1998.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">T. Høholdt, J. H. van Lint, and R. Pellikaan, “Algebraic geometry codes”, Handbook of coding theory, vol. 1, no. Part 1, pp. 871–961, 1998.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">S. G. Vladets, D. Y. Nogin, and M. A. Tsfasman, Algebrogeometricheskie kody. Osnovnye ponyatiya. MCCME, 2003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">S. G. Vladets, D. Y. Nogin, and M. A. Tsfasman, Algebrogeometricheskie kody. Osnovnye ponyatiya. MCCME, 2003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
