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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mais</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Моделирование и анализ информационных систем</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling and Analysis of Information Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-1015</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-5417</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Yaroslavl State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18255/1818-1015-2021-2-136-145</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mais-1484</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Algorithms</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вычислительный анализ количественных характеристик некоторых аппроксимационных свойств разрешимых групп Баумслага-Солитэра</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Computational Analysis of Quantitative Characteristics of some Residual Properties of Solvable Baumslag-Solitar Groups</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6193-9834</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туманова</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tumanova</surname><given-names>Elena Alexandrovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">helenfog@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ивановский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ivanovo State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>136</fpage><lpage>145</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Туманова Е.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Туманова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tumanova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1484">https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1484</self-uri><abstract><p>Пусть $G_{k} = \langle a, b;\ a^{-1}ba = b^{k} \rangle$, где $k \ne 0$. Известно, что если $p$ - некоторое простое число, то группа $G_{k}$ аппроксимируется конечными $p$-группами тогда и только тогда, когда $p \mid k - 1$. Известно также, что если $p$ и $q$ - простые числа, не делящие $k - 1$, $p &lt; q$ и $\pi = \{p,\,q\}$, то группа $G_{k}$ аппроксимируется конечными $\pi$-группами тогда и только тогда, когда $(k,q) = 1$, $p \mid q - 1$ и порядок числа $k$ в мультипликативной группе поля $\mathbb{Z}_{q}$ является $p$-числом. В настоящей статье исследуется вопрос о количестве двухэлементных множеств простых чисел, удовлетворяющих условиям последнего критерия. Более точно, пусть $f_{k}(x)$ - количество множеств $\{p,\,q\}$ таких, что $p &lt; q$, $p \nmid k - 1$, $q \nmid k - 1$, $(k, q) = 1$, $p \mid q - 1$, порядок $k$ по модулю $q$ является $p$-числом и $p$, $q$ выбираются среди первых $x$ простых чисел. Установлено, что если $2 \leq |k| \leq 10000$ и $1 \leq x \leq 50000$, то почти для всех рассматриваемых $k$ функция $f_{k}(x)$ может быть достаточно точно приближена функцией $\alpha_{k}x^{0,85}$, где коэффициент $\alpha_{k}$ - свой для каждого $k$ и $\{\alpha_{k} \mid 2 \leq |k| \leq 10000\} \subseteq (0,28;\,0,31]$. Также исследована зависимость величины $f_{k}(50000)$ от $k$ и предложен эффективный алгоритм проверки двухэлементного множества простых чисел на соответствие условиям последнего критерия. Полученные результаты могут иметь приложения в теории сложности вычислений и алгебраической криптографии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Let $G_{k}$ be defined as $G_{k} = \langle a, b;\ a^{-1}ba = b^{k} \rangle$, where $k \ne 0$. It is known that, if $p$ is some prime number, then $G_{k}$ is residually a finite $p$-group if and only if $p \mid k - 1$. It is also known that, if $p$ and $q$ are primes not dividing $k - 1$, $p &lt; q$, and $\pi = \{p,\,q\}$, then $G_{k}$ is residually a finite $\pi$-group if and only if $(k, q) = 1$, $p \mid q - 1$, and the order of $k$ in the multiplicative group of the field $\mathbb{Z}_{q}$ is a $p$-number. This paper examines the question of the number of two-element sets of prime numbers that satisfy the conditions of the last criterion. More precisely, let $f_{k}(x)$ be the number of sets $\{p,\,q\}$ such that $p &lt; q$, $p \nmid k - 1$, $q \nmid k - 1$, $(k, q) = 1$, $p \mid q - 1$, the order of $k$ modulo $q$ is a $p$\-number, and $p$, $q$ are chosen among the first $x$ primes. We state that, if $2 \leq |k| \leq 10000$ and $1 \leq x \leq 50000$, then, for almost all considered $k$, the function $f_{k}(x)$ can be approximated quite accurately by the function $\alpha_{k}x^{0.85}$, where the coefficient $\alpha_{k}$ is different for each $k$ and $\{\alpha_{k} \mid 2 \leq |k| \leq 10000\} \subseteq (0.28;\,0.31]$. We also investigate the dependence of the value $f_{k}(50000)$ on $k$ and propose an effective algorithm for checking a two-element set of prime numbers for compliance with the conditions of the last criterion. The results obtained may have applications in the theory of computational complexity and algebraic cryptography.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>группы Баумслага-Солитэра</kwd><kwd>аппроксимируемость конечными π-группами</kwd><kwd>аппроксимация функций</kwd><kwd>анализ алгоритмов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Baumslag-Solitar groups</kwd><kwd>residual $\\pi$-finiteness</kwd><kwd>function approximation</kwd><kwd>analysis of algorithms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D. I. Moldavanski and N. Y. Sibyakova, “On the finite images of some one-relator groups,” Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., vol. 123, pp. 2017-2020, 1995.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D. I. Moldavanski and N. Y. Sibyakova, “On the finite images of some one-relator groups,” Proc. Amer. Math. 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