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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mais</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Моделирование и анализ информационных систем</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling and Analysis of Information Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-1015</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-5417</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Yaroslavl State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18255/1818-1015-2021-2-146-168</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mais-1485</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Computer System Organization</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Объектно-ориентированная проверка соответствия модели на основе воспроизведения журнала событий: выявление желаемого поведения и локальных отклонений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Object-Centric Replay-Based Conformance Checking: Unveiling Desire Lines and Local Deviations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3557-797X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карраскель</surname><given-names>Хулио С</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Carrasquel</surname><given-names>Julio C</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">jcarrasquel@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-6074</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мешерауи</surname><given-names>Халил</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mecheraoui</surname><given-names>Khalil</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">k_mecheraoui@esi.dz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет “Высшая школа экономики”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Константина 2 - Абделхамид Мехри</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Constantine 2 -- Abdelhamid Mehri</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>146</fpage><lpage>168</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карраскель Х.С., Мешерауи Х., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карраскель Х.С., Мешерауи Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Carrasquel J.C., Mecheraoui K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1485">https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1485</self-uri><abstract><p>Методы проверки соответствия позволяют установить, в какой степени реальная система, поведение которой регистрируется в журнале событий, соответствует ее модели, например, в виде сети Петри. Большинство таких методов направлены на проверку изолированных экземпляров процесса и игнорируют взаимодействие между экземплярами в системе. Для преодоления этого ограничения в области интеллектуального анализа данных был предложен ряд объектно-ориентированных подходов. Эти подходы основаны на целостном анализе нескольких экземпляров процесса, взаимодействующих в системе, где каждый экземпляр соответствует некоторому объекту. В этой статье объектно-ориентированный подход применяется к методу проверки соответствия между журналами событий и цветными сетями Петри (CPN) -- расширением сетей Петри, в котором фишки в модели представляют собой значения некоторых типов (цветов). В частности, мы рассматриваем консервативные CPN потоков работ, которые позволяют описывать ожидаемое поведение системы, в которой компоненты соответствуют обработке различных объектов. Реальное поведение системы описано в журнале событий, в котором события атрибутированы участвующими в них объектами. Для воспроизведения журнала событий мы используем стратегию прыжков, когда фишки, необходимые для срабатывания перехода, перемещаются из своих текущих позиций во входные позиции этого перехода. Прыжки фишек позволяют идентифицировать линии желаний, то есть поведения объектов, не предусмотренные в спецификации. Также мы представляем локальную диагностику, основанную на доле прыжков в поведении конкретных компонент модели. Эти метрики позволяют судить о серьезности отклонений в тех или иных частях системы. Наконец, мы приводим эксперименты, выполненные с помощью программного прототипа. Практическая ценность нашего метода показана на примере моделирования торговых систем, при котором устанавливаются соответствия между заявками пользователей и сделками.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Conformance checking methods diagnose to which extent a real system, whose behavior is recorded in an event log, complies with its specification model, e.g., a Petri net. Nonetheless, the majority of these methods focus on checking isolated process instances, neglecting interaction between instances in a system. Addressing this limitation, a series of object-centric approaches have been proposed in the field of process mining. These approaches are based on the holistic analysis of the multiple process instances interacting in a system, where each instance is centered on the handling of an object. Inspired by the object-centric paradigm, this paper presents a replay-based conformance checking method which uses a class of colored Petri nets (CPNs) -- a Petri net extension where tokens in the model carry values of some types (colors). Particularly, we consider conservative workflow CPNs which allow to describe the expected behavior of a system whose components are centered on the end-to-end processing of distinguishable objects. For describing a system’s real behavior, we consider event logs whose events have sets of objects involved in the execution of activities. For replay, we consider a jump strategy where tokens absent from input places of a transition to fire move from their current place of the model to the requested places. Token jumps allow to identify desire lines, i.e., object paths unforeseen in the specification. Also, we introduce local diagnostics based on the proportion of jumps in specific model components. The metrics allow to inform the severity of deviations in precise system parts. Finally, we report experiments supported by a prototype of our method. To show the practical value of our method, we employ a case study on trading systems, where orders from users are matched to trade.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Process Mining</kwd><kwd>проверка соответствия</kwd><kwd>сети Петри</kwd><kwd>Раскрашенные сети Петри</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Process Mining</kwd><kwd>Conformance Checking</kwd><kwd>Petri Nets</kwd><kwd>Colored Petri Nets</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">W. van der Aalst, Process Mining: Data Science in Action, 2nd ed. Springer, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">W. van der Aalst, Process Mining: Data Science in Action, 2nd ed. Springer, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">T. 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