<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mais</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Моделирование и анализ информационных систем</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling and Analysis of Information Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-1015</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-5417</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Yaroslavl State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18255/1818-1015-2016-6-784-803</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mais-415</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бифуркации периодических решений уравнения Мэкки–Гласса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bifurcation of Periodic Solutions of the Mackey– Glass Equation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1796-0190</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кубышкин</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kubyshkin</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р. физ.-мат. наук, профессор, ул. Советская, 14, г. Ярославль, 150003 Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor, Professor, 14 Sovetskaya str., Yaroslavl 150003, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kubysh.e@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2529-6277</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морякова</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moryakova</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, ул. Советская, 14, г. Ярославль, 150003 Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>graduate student, 14 Sovetskaya str., Yaroslavl 150003, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alyona_moryakova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ярославский государственный университет им. П.Г. Демидова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>784</fpage><lpage>803</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кубышкин Е.П., Морякова А.Р., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кубышкин Е.П., Морякова А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kubyshkin E.P., Moryakova A.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/415">https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/415</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе изучаются бифуркации периодических решений из состояния равновесия известного уравнения Мэкки–Гласса, предложенного в качестве математической модели изменения плотности белых клеток крови. Уравнение, записанное в безразмерных переменных, содержит малый параметр при производной, что делает его сингулярным. К уравнению применяется метод равномерной нормализации, позволяющий свести исследование поведения решений в окрестности состояния равновесия к анализу счетной системы обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений, из которых выделяются уравнения быстройй и медленныхх переменных. Показано, что состояния равновесия уравнений медленныхх переменных определяют периодические решения. Анализ состояний равновесия позволяет изучить бифуркации периодических решений в зависимости от параметров уравнения и их устойчивость. Показана возможность одновременной бифуркации большого числа устойчивых периодических решений. Это явление носит название бифуркации мультистабильности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We study the bifurcation of the equilibrium states of periodic solutions for the Mackey– Glass equation. This equation is considered as a mathematical model of changes in the density of white blood cells. The equation written in dimensionless variables contains a small parameter at the derivative, which makes it singular. We applied the method of uniform normalization, which allows us to reduce the study of the solutions behavior in the neighborhood of the equilibrium state to the analysis of the countable system of ordinary diﬀerential equations. We poot out the equations in ”fast” and ”slow” variables from this system. Equilibrium states of the ”slow” variables equations determine the periodic solutions. The analysis of equilibrium states allows us to study the bifurcation of periodic solutions depending on the parameters of the equation and their stability. The possibility of simultaneous bifurcation of a large number of stable periodic solutions is shown. This situation is called the multistability phenomenon.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>уравнение Мэкки–Гласса</kwd><kwd>периодические решения</kwd><kwd>бифуркация мультистабильности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>the Mackey–Glass equation</kwd><kwd>periodic solutions</kwd><kwd>multistability bifurcation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glass L., Mackey M., From Clocks to Chaos. The Rhythms of Life, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glass L., Mackey M., From Clocks to Chaos. The Rhythms of Life, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liz E., Troﬁmchuk E., Troﬁmchuk S., “Mackey–Glass type delay diﬀerential equations near the boundary of absolute stability”, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 275:2 (2002), 747–760.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liz E., Troﬁmchuk E., Troﬁmchuk S., “Mackey–Glass type delay diﬀerential equations near the boundary of absolute stability”, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 275:2 (2002), 747–760.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Su H., Ding X., Li W., “Numerical bifurcation control of Mackey–Glass system”, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 35:27 (2011), 3460–3472.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Su H., Ding X., Li W., “Numerical bifurcation control of Mackey–Glass system”, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 35:27 (2011), 3460–3472.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berezansky L., Braverman E., “Mackey-glass equation with variable coeﬃcients”, Computers &amp; Mathematics with Applications, 51:1 (2006), 1–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berezansky L., Braverman E., “Mackey-glass equation with variable coeﬃcients”, Computers &amp; Mathematics with Applications, 51:1 (2006), 1–16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu X.-M., Li J.-W., Zhou H.-Q., “A necessary and suﬃcient condition for the existence of positive periodic solutions of a model of hematopoiesis”, Computers &amp; Mathematics with Applications, 54:6 (2007), 840–849.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu X.-M., Li J.-W., Zhou H.-Q., “A necessary and suﬃcient condition for the existence of positive periodic solutions of a model of hematopoiesis”, Computers &amp; Mathematics with Applications, 54:6 (2007), 840–849.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Junges L., Gallas J., “Intricate routes to chaos in the Mackey–Glass delayed feedback system”, Physics Letters A, 376:30–31 (2012), 2109–2116.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Junges L., Gallas J., “Intricate routes to chaos in the Mackey–Glass delayed feedback system”, Physics Letters A, 376:30–31 (2012), 2109–2116.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amil P., Cabeza C., Masoller C., Marti A., “Organization and identiﬁcation of solutions in the time-delayed Mackey-Glass model”, Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 25:4 (2015), 043112.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amil P., Cabeza C., Masoller C., Marti A., “Organization and identiﬁcation of solutions in the time-delayed Mackey-Glass model”, Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 25:4 (2015), 043112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кубышкин Е.П., Назаров А.Ю., “Анализ колебательных решений одного нелинейного сингулярно возмущенного дифференциально-разностного уравнения”, Вестник Нижегородского университета им. Н.И. Лобачевского, 5:2 (2012), 118–125.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kubyshkin E. P., Nazarov A. Yu., “Analysis of oscillatory solutions of a nonlinear singularly  perturbed diﬀerential-diﬀerence equation”, Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N.I. Lobachevskogo, 5:2 (2012), 118–125, (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bellman R., Cooke K. L., Diﬀerential Diﬀerence Equations, New York: Academic Press, 1963.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bellman R., Cooke K. L., Diﬀerential Diﬀerence Equations, New York: Academic Press, 1963.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шиманов С.Н., “К теории колебаний квазилинейных систем с запаздыванием”, Прикл. математика и механика, 23:5 (1959), 836–844.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shimanov S. N., “To theory of oscillations of quasi-linear systems with delay”, J. Appl. Math. Mech., 23:5 (1959), 836– 844, (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krasnoselskii M. A., Vainikko G. M., Zabreyko R. P., Ruticki Ya. B., Stetsenko V. Ya, Approximate solution of operator equations, Springer, 1972.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krasnoselskii M. A., Vainikko G. M., Zabreyko R. P., Ruticki Ya. B., Stetsenko V. Ya, Approximate solution of operator equations, Springer, 1972.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
