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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mais</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Моделирование и анализ информационных систем</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling and Analysis of Information Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-1015</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-5417</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Yaroslavl State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18255/1818-1015-2018-3-268-275</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mais-686</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика распределения популяции по ареалам</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dynamics of Population Patch Distribution</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3356-1846</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллов</surname><given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillov</surname><given-names>Alexander N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р физ.-мат. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Science</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirillov@krc.karelia.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-4580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>Инна Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>Inna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>graduate student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">DanilovaInna1987@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт прикладных математических исследований Карельского научного центра РАН;&#13;
Петрозаводский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Applied Mathematical Research of the Karelian Research Centre RAS;&#13;
Petrozavodsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт прикладных математических исследований Карельского научного центра РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Applied Mathematical Research of the Karelian Research Centre RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>268</fpage><lpage>275</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кириллов А.Н., Данилова И.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кириллов А.Н., Данилова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirillov A.N., Danilova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/686">https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/686</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматривается задача выбора популяцией ареала в условиях отсутствия у неё полной информации о полезности ареала, то есть об объеме у него энергетических ресурсов. Данная задача относится к теории оптимального фуражирования. У. Дикман (U. Dieckmann) предложил подход к моделированию распределения популяции по ареалам, основанный на функции полезности, учитывающей количество ресурсов в ареале, расстояние от популяции до него и меру информированности популяции о количестве ресурсов в ареале. При этом используется распределение Больцмана для описания распределения популяции по ареалам. Рассматривается статическая задача, не учитывающая изменение положения популяции с течением времени. В настоящей работе предложена динамическая система, описывающая распределение популяции по ареалам, зависящее от полезности ареалов, которая изменяется со временем вследствие изменения расстояния от популяции до ареала. При этом распределение Больцмана является частным решением полученной системы обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений. Получено условие устойчивости по Ляпунову распределения Больцмана. Введены функции полезности ареалов, зависящие от расстояния до ареала и меры информированности популяции об ареале. В результате, в двумерном случае, пространство R2 разбивается на области предпочтительной полезности. Такое разбиение является обобщением диаграммы Г.Ф. Вороного.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of selection by the patch population in the absence of information on the utility of the patch, that is, the volume of its energy resources, is considered. This problem relates to the theory of optimal foraging. U. Dieckman proposed an approach to modeling the population patch distribution. The approach is based on a utility function that takes into account the amount of resources in a patch, the population − patch distance, and the measure of information certainty on patch utility. In this case, the Boltzmann distribution is used to describe the population patch distribution. And U. Dieckman considered a static problem that does not take into account the change in the position of the population with time. In this paper, we propose a dynamic system that describes the population patch distribution, which depends on the utility of the patch. In addition the utility varies with time as a result of distance variations. The Boltzmann distribution is a particular solution of the proposed system of differential equations. The Lyapunov stability condition for the Boltzmann distribution is obtained.The utility functions of the patches, which depend on the population − patch distance and on the measure of the information certainty, are introduced. As a result, in the two-dimensional case, a space R2 is divided into areas of preferred utility. Such a partition is a generalization of the Voronoi diagram.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>динамика популяции</kwd><kwd>ареал</kwd><kwd>функция полезности</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>распределение Больцмана</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>population dinamics</kwd><kwd>the patch</kwd><kwd>utility function</kwd><kwd>stability</kwd><kwd>Boltzmann distribution</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке РФФИ, грант 18-01-00249а.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charnov E. L., “Optimal foraging, the marginal value theorem”, Theoretical Population Biology, 9 (1976), 129–136.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charnov E. 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