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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mais</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Моделирование и анализ информационных систем</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling and Analysis of Information Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-1015</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2313-5417</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Yaroslavl State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18255/1818-1015-2018-3-331-342</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mais-691</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изопериметрические и функциональные неравенства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Isoperimetric and Functional Inequalities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9560-8315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климов</surname><given-names>Владимир Степанович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimov</surname><given-names>Vladimir S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р физ.-мат. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Science</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">VSK76@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ярославский государственный университет им. П.Г. Демидова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>331</fpage><lpage>342</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Климов В.С., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Климов В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klimov V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/691">https://www.mais-journal.ru/jour/article/view/691</self-uri><abstract><p>Устанавливаются оценки снизу интегрального функционала$$\int\limits_\Omega f(u(x), \nabla u(x)) \, dx ,$$где \(\Omega\) -- ограниченная область в пространстве \(\mathbb{R}^n \; (n \geqslant 2)\), интегрант \(f(t,p) \, (t \in [0, \infty),\; p \in \mathbb{R}^n)\) -- функция, \(B\)-измеримая по переменному \(t\) и выпуклая и четная по переменному \(p\), \(\nabla u(x)\) -- градиент (в смысле Соболева) функции \(u \colon \Omega \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\). В первом и втором разделах существенную роль играют свойства перестановок дифференцируемых функций, а также изопериметрическое неравенство вида \(H^{n-1}( \partial A) \geqslant \lambda(m_n A)\), связывающее \((n-1)\)-мерную меру Хаусдорфа \(H^{n-1}(\partial A )\) относительной границы \(\partial A\) множества \(A \subset \Omega\) с его \(n\)-мерной мерой Лебега \(m_n A\). Интегрант \(f\) при этом предполагается изотропным, т.е. \(f(t,p) = f(t,q)\), если \(|p| = |q|\). Намечены приложения установленных результатов к многомерным вариационным задачам.Для функций \(u\), обращающихся в нуль на границе области \(\Omega\), предположение об изотропности \(f\) можно опустить. В этом случае существенную роль начинают играть операции симметризации по Штейнеру и Шварцу интегранта \(f\) и функции \(u\). Соответствующие варианты оценок снизу обсуждаются в третьем пункте. Принципиально новым здесь является то, что операция симметризации применяется не только к функции \(u\), но и к интегранту \(f\). Геометрическую основу результатов третьего пункта составляют неравенство Брунна--Минковского, а также свойства симметризации алгебраической суммы множеств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We establish lower estimates for an integral functional$$\int\limits_\Omega f(u(x), \nabla u(x)) \, dx ,$$where \(\Omega\) -- a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^n \; (n \geqslant 2)\), an integrand \(f(t,p) \, (t \in [0, \infty),\; p \in \mathbb{R}^n)\) -- a function that is \(B\)-measurable with respect to a variable \(t\) and is convex and even in the variable \(p\), \(\nabla u(x)\) -- a gradient (in the sense of Sobolev) of the function \(u \colon \Omega \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\). In the first and the second sections we utilize properties of permutations of differentiable functions and an isoperimetric inequality \(H^{n-1}( \partial A) \geqslant \lambda(m_n A)\), that connects \((n-1)\)-dimensional Hausdorff measure \(H^{n-1}(\partial A )\) of relative boundary \(\partial A\) of the set \(A \subset \Omega\) with its \(n\)-dimensional Lebesgue measure \(m_n A\). The integrand \(f\) is assumed to be isotropic, i.e. \(f(t,p) = f(t,q)\) if \(|p| = |q|\).Applications of the established results to multidimensional variational problems are outlined. For functions \( u \) that vanish on the boundary of the domain \(\Omega\), the assumption of the isotropy of the integrand \( f \) can be omitted. In this case, an important role is played by the Steiner and Schwartz symmetrization operations of the integrand \( f \) and of the function \( u \). The corresponding variants of the lower estimates are discussed in the third section. What is fundamentally new here is that the symmetrization operation is applied not only to the function \(u\), but also to the integrand \(f\). The geometric basis of the results of the third section is the Brunn-Minkowski inequality, as well as the symmetrization properties of the algebraic sum of sets.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перестановка</kwd><kwd>выпуклая функция</kwd><kwd>мера</kwd><kwd>градиент</kwd><kwd>симметризация</kwd><kwd>изопериметрическое неравенство</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>permutation</kwd><kwd>convex function</kwd><kwd>measure</kwd><kwd>gradient</kwd><kwd>symmetrization</kwd><kwd>isoperimetric inequality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Polya G., Szego G., Isoperimetric Inequalities in Mathematical Physics, Princeton, 1951.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polya G., Szego G., Isoperimetric Inequalities in Mathematical Physics, Princeton, 1951.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мазья В.Г., Пространства С.Л. 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